The reason for the decrease in Cr vaporization with Mn is generally connected to the formation of a continuous top layer of (Cr,Mn) 3 O 4, which lowers the Cr activity at the surface of the material compared to Cr 2 O 3. Both steels in this study formed a continuous (Cr,Mn) 3 O 4 surface layer after 500 h at 850 °C (Fig. 9). The thicknesses of ...
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The vanadium to tungsten ratio (V/W) in these films are 0.003, 0.019, 0.029 and 0.047. The optical band gap of the vanadium-doped tungsten oxide (WO3) thin film initially increases from 3.16 to 3.28 eV for V/W ratio 0.003 then decreases to 3.15 eV for V/W ratio 0.047. These vanadium-doped films switch between neutral gray and transparent states.
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Given the aforementioned limitations of current techniques, this review will summarise recent developments of molecular vanadium oxide cluster complexes as atomically …
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Vanadium dioxide (VO 2) is a thermochromic (TC) material, exhibits a reversible transmittance change in the near-infrared (NIR) region upon heating above a critical temperature τ c, due to an insulator-to-metal phase transition.Numerous studies on the V–O system can be found in the literature, including the synthesis of VO 2 films. The …
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chromic battery platform is an energy-efficient technology for ... A photograph of the vanadium oxide nanoparticles dispersed in deionized water (0.5mg mL −1) is shown in …
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A compound Cr 2 V 4 O 13 has been prepared by solid state reaction between the parent oxides and by co-precipitating chromium (III) nitrate and ammonium metavanadate [23]. The synthesis of the mixed oxide Cr 0.11 V 2 O 5.16, has been performed from vanadium oxide gel by ionic exchange from Cr(NO 3) 3 solution [24]. …
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Cr 2 O 3 is an inorganic compound with the chemical name Chromic oxide. It is also called Dichromium xide, or Chromium (3+) oxide, or Chromium (III) oxide. It naturally occurs in a mineral eskolaite, which is mostly found in chromium-rich skarns, tremolite, chlorite veins, and meta quartzites. Chromium (III) oxide appears as a fine light to ...
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Abstract. Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) is a highly promising material for optoelectronic applications due to its wide optical band gap, significant thermal/chemical stability, and intriguing ...
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In this paper, vanadium oxide nanoparticles were prepared using hydrothermal method. Hydrothermal synthesis is a widely used technique for the …
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In this review, we focus on the most recent progress on the structure, synthesis, and applications of five thermodynamically stable vanadium oxides (V 2 O 3, V 3 O 5, VO 2, V 3 O 7, V 2 O 5) and some metastable …
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Vanadium-chromium composite oxides (VCrO) have been the subject of extensive research because of their use in a wide range of applications such as …
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A poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-intercalated vanadium oxide nanowire (noted as VO-P-x) is applied for organic NH4+ ion storage. VO-P-x with the …
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Selective ammoxidation catalysts for such reactions as conversion of toluene to benzonitrile or propylene to acrylonitrile were prepared by a sol-gel method from V 2 O 5, Sb 2 O 3 and high purity hydrogen peroxide. Preparation of new stabilized, oxide ion-conducting, bismuth vanadate phases by a microwave assisted method, fromV 2 O 5, Bi 2 O 3 and other solid …
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The aging-induced spontaneous reduction of vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5) xerogel coatings and its effects on their electro-chromic properties were investigated through optical and electrochemical techniques. The color change could visually confirm the changes in the oxidation states and formation of V 4+, which quantitatively reach ~25% …
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Vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) ... Its wide-ranging applications in electro-and thermo-chromic systems [9], hole transporting electrode in solar cells [10], and optical switching (mixed with VO 2 ...
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Vanadium oxides with multioxidation states and various crystalline structures offer unique electrical, optical, optoelectronic and magnetic properties, which could be manipulated for various applications. For the past 30 years, significant efforts have been made to study the fundamental science and explore the potential for vanadium oxide materials in ion …
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Introduction Vanadium oxides (e.g. V 2 O 5, V 2 O 3, VO 2, etc.) represent an important subclass within reducible metal oxide (RMO) materials that are used in a wide variety of applications including electrical and optical devices, smart windows, and batteries, and as heterogenous catalysts for the activation of environmental contaminants and organic …
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Acids are composed of hydrogen cations and non-metal anions or polyatomic anions. H always leads the formula. Acids are in the aqueous state. Ions are combined in ratios so that the final acid is neutral. The acid name depends on the name of the anion involved: H1+ + Anion Acid (4.1) (4.1) H 1 + + Anion Acid.
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Thermo-chromic coatings are promising passive systems for providing energy saving performance. They change their optical properties within visible and solar wavelengths according to their temperature, as these coatings contain materials such as vanadium dioxide (V O 2) that change phase at their transition temperature. In this …
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The vanadium pentoxide (V2O5)/graphene nanocomposite films have been synthesized by direct intercalation method using V2O5 sal and graphene. The structure of the films was investigated with X-Ray ...
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Vanadium dioxide, VO2, is a widely studied thermochromic material with potential applications in energy efficient window technology. It undergoes a first-order metal-to- insulator transition ...
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The chromism of V 2 O 5 films has attracted considerable research interest as promising materials for applications in optical devices [4] and smart chromic sensors [5]. ...
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Vanadium(V) oxide as a Catalyst. During the Contact Process for manufacturing sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide has to be converted into sulfur xide, which is done by passing sulfur dioxide and oxygen over a solid vanadium(V) oxide catalyst. [ SO_2 + dfrac{1}{2}O_2 ce{->[V_2O_5]} SO_3 nonumber ] This is a good example of the …
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To estimate total elemental abundances in the atmosphere of WASP-76b, vanadium is calculated from the sum of V and VO, titanium from Ti and TiO, calcium …
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Vanadium Dioxide. Vanadium dioxide is the only one of today's known materials that display optical properties that give good prospects to serve as a basis for developing practically useful thermochromic glazings, and it has been attracting attention for many years, as discussed by Babulanam et al. (1987), Gao et al. (2012), Li et al. (2012), Taylor …
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Vanadium oxide is one of the most interesting materials for electrochromic applications thanks to their both anodic and cathodic electrochromism and multicolor …
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The electrochromic and photocatalytic properties of vanadium-doped tungsten xide thin films prepared at room temperature (300K) by the electron beam evaporation technique are reported in this ...
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Ionic and molecular compounds are named using somewhat-different methods. Binary ionic compounds typically consist of a metal and a nonmetal. The name of the metal is written first, followed by the name of the nonmetal with its ending changed to – ide. For example, K 2 O is called potassium oxide.
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Preparation of vanadium layers: 0.5 g V 2 O 5 was dissolved in 30 ml of 15% H 2 O 2 . This redbrownish solution was very unstable and it had to be placed into a water-bath at 80 °C for 0.5 h [4 ...
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Fig. 1 shows the Raman spectra of pure and vanadium-doped WO 3 thin films. The broad peak (amorphous nature) at 810 and 715 cm −1 corresponds to the stretching vibrations of O–W 6+ –O bonds [11].The small peaks at 270 and 330 cm −1 may be attributed to the bending vibration of O–W 6+ –O bond [11].The peak at 950 cm −1 is …
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Then oxalic acid dihydrate (C 2 H 2 O 4 ·2H 2 O, 99.5%, Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory) was added to the above solution, where the molar ratio of NH 4 VO 3 and C 2 H 2 O 4 ·2H 2 O was kept at 2 : 3. The mixture was stirred continuously for 30 min to form a sky blue clear solution, which indicated that the valence of vanadium in the ...
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Vanadium dioxide is a thermochromic material that undergoes a semiconductor to metal transitions at a critical temperature of 68 °C. This phase change from a low temperature monoclinic structure ...
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It dissolves in concentrated alkali to yield chromite ions ([CrOX2]X−) ( [ C r O X 2] X −). So, the rule of thumb is as oxidation number increases, charge on metal increases, acidic character increases. Also, basic oxide is soluble in water, acidic oxide is insoluble in water. This can be used to differentiate between acidic and basic oxide.
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The pure (99.99%) V2O5 target was used as vanadium oxide source. The W target (99.99%), Mo (99.99%) target and Ti (99.99%) target was used as the doping elements. The sputtering was carried out at 200 W RF power for V 2 O 5 target and 50 W DC power for the doping element. The sputtering time was kept constant for 10 min. …
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Hydrothermal-synthesis-of-vanadium-oxide-nanorods-and-their-electrochromic-performance - Read online for free. ... art ic l e i nf o a b s t r a c t. ... as the electrolyte. The electro- talline nature of the previously reported V2O5 [19,20]. The peaks at chromic behavior of V2O5 films was examined using an Autolab 285 cm 1, ...
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